NURS FPX 6026 Assessment 1 Analysis of Position Papers for Vulnerable Populations

Name

Capella university

NURS-FPX 6026 Biopsychosocial Concepts for Advanced Nursing Practice 2

Prof. Name

Date

Analysis of Position Papers for Vulnerable Populations

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that can develop after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event. Symptoms may include flashbacks, nightmares, severe anxiety, and uncontrollable thoughts about the trauma (Sekowski et al., 2021). Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults is a mental health condition brought about by exposure to traumatic events. This condition significantly impacts how people live, interact with others, and feel about themselves; hence, it needs different treatments and support to recover completely. The report elaborates on the team’s plan, grounded in evidence-based research, to deal with this public health concern. Furthermore, as opposed to the group’s position, this document demonstrates why stakeholders must be convinced.

Position and Assumptions Regarding Health Outcomes

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a significant mental health issue that affects a substantial proportion of the adult population, especially those who have experienced traumatic occurrences like war, rape, natural calamities, and other forms of violent acts. This group is essential to deal with as PTSD has not only an individual-level effect but also broader societal implications, such as reduced productivity, increased healthcare utilization, and higher rates of comorbid disorders such as depression and substance use (Bryant 2019). Desir (2022) studied that PTSD affects about 3.5 percent of adult people in America every year. The lifetime rate of PTSD in adults aged 13-18 is 8%. A total of one out of eleven individuals will be diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder during their lifespan.

The current state of care and health outcomes related to PTSD in adults varies widely. While there have been advancements in evidence-based treatments such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and medication management, access to these interventions remains limited for many individuals due to barriers such as stigma, financial constraints, and lack of awareness (Yu et al., 2022). Additionally, disparities exist in the quality of care received, with marginalized populations often facing more significant obstacles in accessing effective treatment.

To improve care and outcomes for adults with PTSD, a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach is necessary. Efforts should be made to expand access to evidence-based treatments such as CBT and trauma-focused therapies (Finch et al., 2020). Routine screening for PTSD should be integrated into primary care settings to identify individuals at risk early on and facilitate timely intervention (Kerbage et al., 2022). Education campaigns targeting both healthcare providers and the general public can help raise awareness about PTSD symptoms and the importance of seeking help (Holder et al., 2023).

Assumptions

The assumptions underlying this analysis include the prevalence of PTSD among individuals exposed to traumatic events, with specific attention to marginalized populations such as women and certain ethnic groups like U.S. Latinos, African Americans, and Native Americans/Alaska Natives. The analysis also assumes that there are disparities in access to evidence-based treatments for PTSD due to barriers like stigma, financial constraints, and lack of awareness, highlighting the need for comprehensive approaches involving expanded access to care, provider training, telehealth services, and integration of PTSD screening into primary care settings (Sanschagrin et al., 2022). Additionally, the analysis emphasizes the importance of addressing social determinants of health and creating trauma-informed healthcare environments to improve outcomes for individuals with PTSD.

The Role and Challenges of the Interprofessional Team 

In addressing the issue of PTSD in adults, an interprofessional team plays a crucial role in facilitating improvements and providing comprehensive care. The complexity of PTSD requires a multidisciplinary approach that draws upon the expertise of various healthcare professionals to address the diverse needs of affected individuals (Schimmels & Cunningham, 2021). Interprofessional roles are needed to facilitate improvements for PTSD in adults. Psychiatrists and psychologists are essential for diagnosing PTSD, providing evidence-based psychotherapy (such as cognitive-behavioral therapy or exposure therapy), and managing medication when necessary (Han et al., 2021). Primary care providers play a crucial role in screening for PTSD, coordinating care, and addressing physical health concerns that may coexist with PTSD, such as chronic pain or cardiovascular issues (Couzner et al., 2022). Social workers can assist individuals with PTSD in accessing social support, navigating financial challenges, and addressing social determinants of health that may exacerbate symptoms.

Nurses provide holistic care and support to individuals with PTSD, including medication administration, patient education, and monitoring for potential side effects or complications. Peer support specialists with lived experience of PTSD can offer valuable peer support, empathy, and encouragement to others undergoing similar challenges, facilitating engagement in treatment and recovery (Ee et al., 2020). An interprofessional approach better facilitates improvements for PTSD in adults by leveraging the unique perspectives, skills, and contributions of each team member. By working collaboratively, interprofessional teams can provide integrated, patient-centered care that addresses the complex biopsychosocial needs of individuals with PTSD (Ee et al., 2020).

Evaluating Supporting Evidence

In evaluating evidence and positions of others that support an interprofessional team’s approach to improving the quality and outcomes of care for PTSD in adults, several key sources contribute valuable insights and guidance. Various organizations, such as the American Psychological Association (APA) and the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), have published clinical practice guidelines for the management of PTSD (American Psychological Association, 2021). These guidelines provide evidence-based screening, assessment, and treatment recommendations, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach incorporating psychotherapy, medication management, and social support interventions. Bovin et al. (2022) have demonstrated the efficacy of interprofessional interventions in improving outcomes for individuals with PTSD. Moreover, a systematic review by Day et al. (2024) found that collaborative care models involving coordination among mental health providers, primary care physicians, and case managers were associated with better treatment adherence and symptom reduction than usual care.

Areas of Uncertainty

Areas of uncertainty and knowledge gaps in the criteria for supporting an interprofessional team approach to improving care for PTSD in adults may include the specific mechanisms by which interprofessional collaboration leads to improved outcomes, such as the optimal composition of interprofessional teams or the most effective methods of team coordination and communication (Day et al., 2024). Additionally, there may be questions about the scalability and sustainability of interprofessional interventions in various healthcare settings and populations and challenges related to implementing these approaches in real-world clinical practice outside of controlled research settings. Further research is needed to address these uncertainties and optimize the delivery of interprofessional care for individuals with PTSD.

Evaluating Contrary Evidence on Our Position

Contrary viewpoints on improving care for PTSD in adults can arise from skepticism about intervention efficacy, resource allocation concerns, or perceptions of sufficient current care. Critics may question the universality of evidence-based treatments like cognitive behavior theory (CBT), favoring a focus on cost-effectiveness in resource-limited settings (Waumans et al., 2022). Resistance to change may stem from concerns about workflow disruption or professional autonomy. Societal stigma may lead some to prioritize public awareness campaigns over interprofessional interventions. Recognizing these concerns is essential to fostering productive dialogue and implementing effective, comprehensive care strategies (Johansen et al., 2020).

Contrary Viewpoints

While contrary viewpoints raise valid concerns, they do not negate the need for improving care for individuals with PTSD. Instead, they underscore the complexity of the issue and the necessity for nuanced discussions on practical approaches. Responding with empathy and evidence, nurses will highlight the value of interprofessional team approaches to care. Senior healthcare practitioners will build trust and present evidence supporting comprehensive care, starting with acknowledging concerns. Addressing practical considerations like resource allocation, we’ll discuss efficient collaboration strategies. Lastly, nurses will emphasize the importance of patient-centered care, tailoring interventions to enhance satisfaction and engagement. Through this approach, nurses aim to foster buy-in and consensus for improving care for adults with PTSD.

Initial Viewpoint Regarding PTSD in Adults and Strategies

Adults’ PTSD tends to be a complicated situation that blends clinical comprehension with society’s point of view. Some people consider it as a psychological disorder resulting from traumatic experiences, but others focus on its various aspects and argue according to genetic predispositions and environmental stimulants. Nonetheless, a general agreement has been reached on the need for personalized interventions, including therapy, medication, and social support systems. Nevertheless, there are persistent disputes over the effectiveness of some practices, such as pharmaceutical interventions vs psychotherapy, in addition to the stigmatization that typically comes with PTSD diagnoses (Schrader & Ross, 2021).

Strategies

To ensure clear communication within our interprofessional team addressing PTSD in adults, we’ll establish a communication protocol, use plain language, practice active listening, and show empathy (Zatzick et al., 2021). We will also foster interprofessional collaboration, provide patient education, remain culturally sensitive, and establish feedback mechanisms for continuous improvement.

Conclusion

Addressing the complex needs of adults with PTSD requires a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach, as highlighted by the significant impact of the condition on individuals and society. Interprofessional teams play a crucial role in providing integrated, patient-centered care, supported by evidence demonstrating the effectiveness of collaborative care models in improving treatment outcomes. By acknowledging concerns, presenting evidence, and emphasizing patient-centered care, these teams can foster buy-in and consensus, ultimately working towards enhancing the overall well-being of individuals affected by PTSD.

References

American Psychological Association. (2021). Post-traumatic stress disorder. Https://Www.apa.org. https://www.apa.org/topics/ptsd 

Bovin, M. J., Resnik, J., Linsky, A. M., Stolzmann, K., Mull, H. J., Schnurr, P. P., Post, E. P., Pleasants, E. A., & Miller, C. J. (2022). Does screening for PTSD lead to VA mental health care? Identifying the spectrum of initial VA screening actions. Psychological Services. https://doi.org/10.1037/ser0000651 

Bryant, R. A. (2019). Post‐traumatic stress disorder: A state‐of‐the‐art review of evidence and challenges. World Psychiatry, 18(3), 259–269. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20656 

Couzner, L., Spence, N., Fausto, K., Huo, Y., Vale, L., Elkins, S., Saltis, J., & Cations, M. (2022). Delivering trauma-informed care in a hospital ward for older adults with dementia: An illustrative case series. Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences, 3. https://doi.org/10.3389/fresc.2022.934099 

Day, S., Hay, P., Basten, C., Byrne, S., Dearden, A., Goldstein, M., Hannigan, A., Heruc, G., Houlihan, C., Roberts, M., Tannous, W. K., Thornton, C., Valentine, N., & Mitchison, D. (2024). Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD in eating disorder treatment‐seekers: Prevalence and associations with symptom severity. Journal of Traumatic Stress. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23047 

Desir, M. T. (2022). What is posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? Psychiatry.org; American Psychiatric Association. https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/ptsd/what-is-ptsd 

NURS FPX 6026 Assessment 1 Analysis of Position Papers for Vulnerable Populations

Ee, C., Lake, J., Firth, J., Hargraves, F., Manincor, M. de, Meade, T., Marx, W., & Sarris, J. (2020). An integrative collaborative care model for people with mental illness and physical comorbidities. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-020-00410-6 

Finch, J., Ford, C., Lombardo, C., & Stedman, R. M. (2020). A survey of evidence-based practice, training, supervision and clinician confidence relating to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) therapies in UK child and adolescent mental health professionals. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 11(1), 1815281. https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2020.1815281 

Han, H. R., Miller, H. N., Nkimbeng, M., Budhathoki, C., Mikhael, T., Rivers, E., Gray, J., Trimble, K., Chow, S., & Wilson, P. (2021). Trauma-informed interventions: A systematic review. Public Library of Science ONE, 16(6). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252747 

Holder, N., Holliday, R., Ranney, R. M., Bernhard, P. A., Vogt, D., Hoffmire, C. A., Blosnich, J. R., Schneiderman, A., & Maguen, S. (2023). Relationship of social determinants of health with symptom severity among Veterans and non-veterans with probable posttraumatic stress disorder or depression. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-023-02478-0 

NURS FPX 6026 Assessment 1 Analysis of Position Papers for Vulnerable Populations

Johansen, V. A., Milde, A. M., Nilsen, R. M., Breivik, K., Nordanger, D. Ø., Stormark, K. M., & Weisæth, L. (2020). The relationship between perceived social support and PTSD symptoms after exposure to physical assault: An 8 years longitudinal study. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 37(9-10).  https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260520970314 

Kerbage, H., Bazzi, O., Hage, W. E., Corruble, E., & Ouakil, D. P. (2022). Early interventions to prevent post-traumatic stress disorder in youth after exposure to a potentially traumatic event: A scoping review. Healthcare, 10(5), 818. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10050818 

Sanschagrin, P. G., Schein, J., Urganus, A., Serra, E., Liang, Y., Musingarimi, P., Cloutier, M., Guérin, A., & Davis, L. L. (2022). Identifying individuals with undiagnosed post-traumatic stress disorder in a large United States civilian population – A machine learning approach. BioMed Central Psychiatry, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-04267-6 

Schimmels, J., & Cunningham, L. (2021). How do we move forward with trauma-informed care? The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 17(4), 405–411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nurpra.2020.12.005 

Schrader, C., & Ross, A. (2021). A review of PTSD and current treatment strategies. Missouri Medicine, 118(6), 546–551. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8672952/ 

NURS FPX 6026 Assessment 1 Analysis of Position Papers for Vulnerable Populations

Sekowski, M., Gambin, M., Hansen, K., Holas, P., Hyniewska, S., Wyszomirska, J., Pluta, A., Sobańska, M., & Łojek, E. (2021). Risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder in severe COVID-19 survivors, their families, and frontline healthcare workers: What should mental health specialists prepare for? Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.562899 

Waumans, R. C., Muntingh, A. D. T., Draisma, S., Huijbregts, K. M., Balkom, A. J. L. M. van , & Batelaan, N. M. (2022). Barriers and facilitators for treatment-seeking in adults with a depressive or anxiety disorder in a Western-European health care setting: A qualitative study. BioMed Central Psychiatry, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-03806-5 

Yu, C. Y. X., Deng, N. J., Zhang, J., Li, H. Y., Gao, T. Y., Zhang, C., & Gong, Q. Q. (2022). Cognitive behavioral therapy for children and adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder: Meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 308, 502–511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.111 

Zatzick, D., Jurkovich, G., Heagerty, P., Russo, J., Darnell, D., Parker, L., Roberts, M. K., Moodliar, R., Engstrom, A., Wang, J., Bulger, E., Whiteside, L., Nehra, D., Palinkas, L. A., Moloney, K., & Maier, R. (2021). Stepped collaborative care targeting posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and comorbidity for US trauma care systems. Journal of the American Medical Association Surgery. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2021.0131